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Binary IO file for generic Grid array parallel I/O.

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Number of IO MPI tasks can be varied by selecting which
dimensions use parallel IO and which dimensions use Serial send to boss
I/O.

Thus can neck down from, say 1024 nodes = 4x4x8x8 to {1,8,32,64,128,256,1024} nodes
doing the I/O.

Interpolates nicely between ALL nodes write their data, a single boss per time-plane
in processor space [old UKQCD fortran code did this], and a single node doing all I/O.

Not sure I have the transfer sizes big enough and am not overly convinced fstream
is guaranteed to not give buffer inconsistencies unless I set streambuf size to zero.

Practically it has worked on 8 tasks, 2x1x2x2 writing /cloning NERSC configurations
on my MacOS + OpenMPI and Clang environment.

It is VERY easy to switch to pwrite at a later date, and also easy to send x-strips around from
each node in order to gather bigger chunks at the syscall level.

That would push us up to the circa 8x 18*4*8 == 4KB size write chunk, and by taking, say, x/y non
parallel we get to 16MB contiguous chunks written in multi 4KB transactions
per IOnode in 64^3 lattices for configuration I/O.

I suspect this is fine for system performance.
This commit is contained in:
Peter Boyle
2015-08-26 13:40:29 +01:00
parent 612957f057
commit dc814f30da
14 changed files with 840 additions and 410 deletions
Download Patch File Download Diff File Expand all files Collapse all files

1
lib/Grid.h
View File

@@ -45,6 +45,7 @@
#include <Stencil.h>
#include <Algorithms.h>
#include <qcd/QCD.h>
#include <parallelIO/BinaryIO.h>
#include <parallelIO/NerscIO.h>
#include <Init.h>

2
lib/Init.cc
View File

@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ void Grid_init(int *argc,char ***argv)
Grid_quiesce_nodes();
}
if( GridCmdOptionExists(*argv,*argv+*argc,"--dslash-opt") ){
WilsonFermionStatic::HandOptDslash=1;
QCD::WilsonFermionStatic::HandOptDslash=1;
}
if( GridCmdOptionExists(*argv,*argv+*argc,"--lebesgue") ){
LebesgueOrder::UseLebesgueOrder=1;

8
lib/communicator/Communicator_base.h
View File

@@ -87,6 +87,14 @@ class CartesianCommunicator {
void *recv,
int recv_from_rank,
int bytes);
void RecvFrom(void *recv,
int recv_from_rank,
int bytes);
void SendTo(void *xmit,
int xmit_to_rank,
int bytes);
void SendToRecvFromBegin(std::vector<CommsRequest_t> &list,
void *xmit,
int xmit_to_rank,

30
lib/communicator/Communicator_mpi.cc
View File

@@ -81,13 +81,30 @@ void CartesianCommunicator::SendToRecvFrom(void *xmit,
SendToRecvFromBegin(reqs,xmit,dest,recv,from,bytes);
SendToRecvFromComplete(reqs);
}
void CartesianCommunicator::RecvFrom(void *recv,
int from,
int bytes)
{
MPI_Status stat;
int ierr=MPI_Recv(recv, bytes, MPI_CHAR,from,from,communicator,&stat);
assert(ierr==0);
}
void CartesianCommunicator::SendTo(void *xmit,
int dest,
int bytes)
{
int rank = _processor; // used for tag; must know who it comes from
int ierr = MPI_Send(xmit, bytes, MPI_CHAR,dest,_processor,communicator);
assert(ierr==0);
}
// Basic Halo comms primitive
void CartesianCommunicator::SendToRecvFromBegin(std::vector<CommsRequest_t> &list,
void *xmit,
int dest,
void *recv,
int from,
int bytes)
void CartesianCommunicator::SendToRecvFromBegin(std::vector<CommsRequest_t> &list,
void *xmit,
int dest,
void *recv,
int from,
int bytes)
{
MPI_Request xrq;
MPI_Request rrq;
@@ -100,7 +117,6 @@ void CartesianCommunicator::SendToRecvFrom(void *xmit,
list.push_back(xrq);
list.push_back(rrq);
}
void CartesianCommunicator::SendToRecvFromComplete(std::vector<CommsRequest_t> &list)
{

14
lib/communicator/Communicator_none.cc
View File

@@ -22,6 +22,20 @@ void CartesianCommunicator::GlobalSum(double &){}
void CartesianCommunicator::GlobalSum(uint32_t &){}
void CartesianCommunicator::GlobalSumVector(double *,int N){}
void CartesianCommunicator::RecvFrom(void *recv,
int recv_from_rank,
int bytes)
{
assert(0);
}
void CartesianCommunicator::SendTo(void *xmit,
int xmit_to_rank,
int bytes)
{
assert(0);
}
// Basic Halo comms primitive -- should never call in single node
void CartesianCommunicator::SendToRecvFrom(void *xmit,
int dest,

513
lib/parallelIO/BinaryIO.h Normal file
View File

@@ -0,0 +1,513 @@
#ifndef GRID_BINARY_IO_H
#define GRID_BINARY_IO_H
#ifdef HAVE_ENDIAN_H
#include <endian.h>
#endif
#include <arpa/inet.h>
// 64bit endian swap is a portability pain
#ifndef __has_builtin // Optional of course.
#define __has_builtin(x) 0 // Compatibility with non-clang compilers.
#endif
#if HAVE_DECL_BE64TOH
#undef Grid_ntohll
#define Grid_ntohll be64toh
#endif
#if HAVE_DECL_NTOHLL
#undef Grid_ntohll
#define Grid_ntohll ntohll
#endif
#ifndef Grid_ntohll
#if BYTE_ORDER == BIG_ENDIAN
#define Grid_ntohll(A) (A)
#else
#if __has_builtin(__builtin_bswap64)
#define Grid_ntohll(A) __builtin_bswap64(A)
#else
#error
#endif
#endif
#endif
namespace Grid {
// A little helper
inline void removeWhitespace(std::string &key)
{
key.erase(std::remove_if(key.begin(), key.end(), ::isspace),key.end());
}
class BinaryIO {
public:
// Network is big endian
static inline void htobe32_v(void *file_object,uint32_t bytes){ be32toh_v(file_object,bytes);}
static inline void htobe64_v(void *file_object,uint32_t bytes){ be64toh_v(file_object,bytes);}
static inline void htole32_v(void *file_object,uint32_t bytes){ le32toh_v(file_object,bytes);}
static inline void htole64_v(void *file_object,uint32_t bytes){ le64toh_v(file_object,bytes);}
static inline void be32toh_v(void *file_object,uint32_t bytes)
{
uint32_t * f = (uint32_t *)file_object;
for(int i=0;i*sizeof(uint32_t)<bytes;i++){
f[i] = ntohl(f[i]);
}
}
// LE must Swap and switch to host
static inline void le32toh_v(void *file_object,uint32_t bytes)
{
uint32_t *fp = (uint32_t *)file_object;
uint32_t f;
for(int i=0;i*sizeof(uint32_t)<bytes;i++){
f = fp[i];
// got network order and the network to host
f = ((f&0xFF)<<24) | ((f&0xFF00)<<8) | ((f&0xFF0000)>>8) | ((f&0xFF000000UL)>>24) ;
fp[i] = ntohl(f);
}
}
// BE is same as network
static inline void be64toh_v(void *file_object,uint32_t bytes)
{
uint64_t * f = (uint64_t *)file_object;
for(int i=0;i*sizeof(uint64_t)<bytes;i++){
f[i] = Grid_ntohll(f[i]);
}
}
// LE must swap and switch;
static inline void le64toh_v(void *file_object,uint32_t bytes)
{
uint64_t *fp = (uint64_t *)file_object;
uint64_t f,g;
for(int i=0;i*sizeof(uint64_t)<bytes;i++){
f = fp[i];
// got network order and the network to host
g = ((f&0xFF)<<24) | ((f&0xFF00)<<8) | ((f&0xFF0000)>>8) | ((f&0xFF000000UL)>>24) ;
g = g << 32;
f = f >> 32;
g|= ((f&0xFF)<<24) | ((f&0xFF00)<<8) | ((f&0xFF0000)>>8) | ((f&0xFF000000UL)>>24) ;
fp[i] = Grid_ntohll(g);
}
}
template<class vobj,class fobj,class munger> static inline void Uint32Checksum(Lattice<vobj> &lat,munger munge,uint32_t &csum)
{
typedef typename vobj::scalar_object sobj;
GridBase *grid = lat._grid ;
sobj siteObj;
fobj fileObj;
csum = 0;
std::vector<int> lcoor;
for(int l=0;l<grid->lSites();l++){
grid->CoorFromIndex(lcoor,l,grid->_ldimensions);
peekLocalSite(siteObj,lat,lcoor);
munge(siteObj,fileObj,csum);
}
grid->GlobalSum(csum);
}
static inline void Uint32Checksum(uint32_t *buf,uint32_t buf_size_bytes,uint32_t &csum)
{
for(int i=0;i*sizeof(uint32_t)<buf_size_bytes;i++){
csum=csum+buf[i];
}
}
template<class vobj,class fobj,class munger>
static inline uint32_t readObjectSerial(Lattice<vobj> &Umu,std::string file,munger munge,int offset,const std::string &format)
{
typedef typename vobj::scalar_object sobj;
GridBase *grid = Umu._grid;
std::cout<< GridLogMessage<< "Serial read I/O "<< file<< std::endl;
int ieee32big = (format == std::string("IEEE32BIG"));
int ieee32 = (format == std::string("IEEE32"));
int ieee64big = (format == std::string("IEEE64BIG"));
int ieee64 = (format == std::string("IEEE64"));
// Find the location of each site and send to primary node
// Take loop order from Chroma; defines loop order now that NERSC doc no longer
// available (how short sighted is that?)
std::ifstream fin(file,std::ios::binary|std::ios::in);
fin.seekg(offset);
Umu = zero;
uint32_t csum=0;
fobj file_object;
sobj munged;
for(int t=0;t<grid->_fdimensions[3];t++){
for(int z=0;z<grid->_fdimensions[2];z++){
for(int y=0;y<grid->_fdimensions[1];y++){
for(int x=0;x<grid->_fdimensions[0];x++){
std::vector<int> site({x,y,z,t});
if ( grid->IsBoss() ) {
fin.read((char *)&file_object,sizeof(file_object));
if(ieee32big) be32toh_v((void *)&file_object,sizeof(file_object));
if(ieee32) le32toh_v((void *)&file_object,sizeof(file_object));
if(ieee64big) be64toh_v((void *)&file_object,sizeof(file_object));
if(ieee64) le64toh_v((void *)&file_object,sizeof(file_object));
munge(file_object,munged,csum);
}
// The boss who read the file has their value poked
pokeSite(munged,Umu,site);
}}}}
return csum;
}
template<class vobj,class fobj,class munger>
static inline uint32_t writeObjectSerial(Lattice<vobj> &Umu,std::string file,munger munge,int offset,const std::string & format)
{
typedef typename vobj::scalar_object sobj;
GridBase *grid = Umu._grid;
int ieee32big = (format == std::string("IEEE32BIG"));
int ieee32 = (format == std::string("IEEE32"));
int ieee64big = (format == std::string("IEEE64BIG"));
int ieee64 = (format == std::string("IEEE64"));
//////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Serialise through node zero
//////////////////////////////////////////////////
std::cout<< GridLogMessage<< "Serial write I/O "<< file<<std::endl;
std::ofstream fout;
if ( grid->IsBoss() ) {
fout.open(file,std::ios::binary|std::ios::out|std::ios::in);
fout.seekp(offset);
}
uint32_t csum=0;
fobj file_object;
sobj unmunged;
for(int t=0;t<grid->_fdimensions[3];t++){
for(int z=0;z<grid->_fdimensions[2];z++){
for(int y=0;y<grid->_fdimensions[1];y++){
for(int x=0;x<grid->_fdimensions[0];x++){
std::vector<int> site({x,y,z,t});
// peek & write
peekSite(unmunged,Umu,site);
munge(unmunged,file_object,csum);
if ( grid->IsBoss() ) {
if(ieee32big) htobe32_v((void *)&file_object,sizeof(file_object));
if(ieee32) htole32_v((void *)&file_object,sizeof(file_object));
if(ieee64big) htobe64_v((void *)&file_object,sizeof(file_object));
if(ieee64) htole64_v((void *)&file_object,sizeof(file_object));
fout.write((char *)&file_object,sizeof(file_object));
}
}}}}
return csum;
}
template<class vobj,class fobj,class munger>
static inline uint32_t readObjectParallel(Lattice<vobj> &Umu,std::string file,munger munge,int offset,const std::string &format)
{
typedef typename vobj::scalar_object sobj;
GridBase *grid = Umu._grid;
int ieee32big = (format == std::string("IEEE32BIG"));
int ieee32 = (format == std::string("IEEE32"));
int ieee64big = (format == std::string("IEEE64BIG"));
int ieee64 = (format == std::string("IEEE64"));
// Take into account block size of parallel file systems want about
// 4-16MB chunks.
// Ideally one reader/writer per xy plane and read these contiguously
// with comms from nominated I/O nodes.
std::ifstream fin;
int nd = grid->_ndimension;
std::vector<int> parallel(nd,1);
std::vector<int> ioproc (nd);
std::vector<int> start(nd);
std::vector<int> range(nd);
for(int d=0;d<nd;d++){
assert(grid->CheckerBoarded(d) == 0);
}
uint64_t slice_vol = 1;
int IOnode = 1;
for(int d=0;d<grid->_ndimension;d++) {
if ( d==0 ) parallel[d] = 0;
if (parallel[d]) {
range[d] = grid->_ldimensions[d];
start[d] = grid->_processor_coor[d]*range[d];
ioproc[d]= grid->_processor_coor[d];
} else {
range[d] = grid->_gdimensions[d];
start[d] = 0;
ioproc[d]= 0;
if ( grid->_processor_coor[d] != 0 ) IOnode = 0;
}
slice_vol = slice_vol * range[d];
}
{
uint32_t tmp = IOnode;
grid->GlobalSum(tmp);
std::cout<< GridLogMessage<< "Parallel read I/O to "<< file << " with " <<tmp<< " IOnodes for subslice ";
for(int d=0;d<grid->_ndimension;d++){
std::cout<< range[d];
if( d< grid->_ndimension-1 )
std::cout<< " x ";
}
std::cout << std::endl;
}
int myrank = grid->ThisRank();
int iorank = grid->RankFromProcessorCoor(ioproc);
if ( IOnode ) {
fin.open(file,std::ios::binary|std::ios::in);
}
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Find the location of each site and send to primary node
// Take loop order from Chroma; defines loop order now that NERSC doc no longer
// available (how short sighted is that?)
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Umu = zero;
uint32_t csum=0;
fobj fileObj;
sobj siteObj;
// need to implement these loops in Nd independent way with a lexico conversion
for(int tlex=0;tlex<slice_vol;tlex++){
std::vector<int> tsite(nd); // temporary mixed up site
std::vector<int> gsite(nd);
std::vector<int> lsite(nd);
std::vector<int> iosite(nd);
grid->CoorFromIndex(tsite,tlex,range);
for(int d=0;d<nd;d++){
lsite[d] = tsite[d]%grid->_ldimensions[d]; // local site
gsite[d] = tsite[d]+start[d]; // global site
}
/////////////////////////
// Get the rank of owner of data
/////////////////////////
int rank, o_idx,i_idx, g_idx;
grid->GlobalCoorToRankIndex(rank,o_idx,i_idx,gsite);
grid->GlobalCoorToGlobalIndex(gsite,g_idx);
////////////////////////////////
// iorank reads from the seek
////////////////////////////////
if (myrank == iorank) {
fin.seekg(offset+g_idx*sizeof(fileObj));
fin.read((char *)&fileObj,sizeof(fileObj));
if(ieee32big) be32toh_v((void *)&fileObj,sizeof(fileObj));
if(ieee32) le32toh_v((void *)&fileObj,sizeof(fileObj));
if(ieee64big) be64toh_v((void *)&fileObj,sizeof(fileObj));
if(ieee64) le64toh_v((void *)&fileObj,sizeof(fileObj));
munge(fileObj,siteObj,csum);
if ( rank != myrank ) {
grid->SendTo((void *)&siteObj,rank,sizeof(siteObj));
} else {
pokeLocalSite(siteObj,Umu,lsite);
}
} else {
if ( myrank == rank ) {
grid->RecvFrom((void *)&siteObj,iorank,sizeof(siteObj));
pokeLocalSite(siteObj,Umu,lsite);
}
}
grid->Barrier(); // necessary?
}
grid->GlobalSum(csum);
return csum;
}
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Parallel writer
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
template<class vobj,class fobj,class munger>
static inline uint32_t writeObjectParallel(Lattice<vobj> &Umu,std::string file,munger munge,int offset,const std::string & format)
{
typedef typename vobj::scalar_object sobj;
GridBase *grid = Umu._grid;
int ieee32big = (format == std::string("IEEE32BIG"));
int ieee32 = (format == std::string("IEEE32"));
int ieee64big = (format == std::string("IEEE64BIG"));
int ieee64 = (format == std::string("IEEE64"));
int nd = grid->_ndimension;
for(int d=0;d<nd;d++){
assert(grid->CheckerBoarded(d) == 0);
}
std::vector<int> parallel(nd,1);
std::vector<int> ioproc (nd);
std::vector<int> start(nd);
std::vector<int> range(nd);
uint64_t slice_vol = 1;
int IOnode = 1;
for(int d=0;d<grid->_ndimension;d++) {
if ( d==0 ) parallel[d] = 0;
if (parallel[d]) {
range[d] = grid->_ldimensions[d];
start[d] = grid->_processor_coor[d]*range[d];
ioproc[d]= grid->_processor_coor[d];
} else {
range[d] = grid->_gdimensions[d];
start[d] = 0;
ioproc[d]= 0;
if ( grid->_processor_coor[d] != 0 ) IOnode = 0;
}
slice_vol = slice_vol * range[d];
}
{
uint32_t tmp = IOnode;
grid->GlobalSum(tmp);
std::cout<< GridLogMessage<< "Parallel write I/O from "<< file << " with " <<tmp<< " IOnodes for subslice ";
for(int d=0;d<grid->_ndimension;d++){
std::cout<< range[d];
if( d< grid->_ndimension-1 )
std::cout<< " x ";
}
std::cout << std::endl;
}
int myrank = grid->ThisRank();
int iorank = grid->RankFromProcessorCoor(ioproc);
// Take into account block size of parallel file systems want about
// 4-16MB chunks.
// Ideally one reader/writer per xy plane and read these contiguously
// with comms from nominated I/O nodes.
std::ofstream fout;
if ( IOnode ) fout.open(file,std::ios::binary|std::ios::in|std::ios::out);
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Find the location of each site and send to primary node
// Take loop order from Chroma; defines loop order now that NERSC doc no longer
// available (how short sighted is that?)
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
uint32_t csum=0;
fobj fileObj;
sobj siteObj;
// need to implement these loops in Nd independent way with a lexico conversion
for(int tlex=0;tlex<slice_vol;tlex++){
std::vector<int> tsite(nd); // temporary mixed up site
std::vector<int> gsite(nd);
std::vector<int> lsite(nd);
std::vector<int> iosite(nd);
grid->CoorFromIndex(tsite,tlex,range);
for(int d=0;d<nd;d++){
lsite[d] = tsite[d]%grid->_ldimensions[d]; // local site
gsite[d] = tsite[d]+start[d]; // global site
}
/////////////////////////
// Get the rank of owner of data
/////////////////////////
int rank, o_idx,i_idx, g_idx;
grid->GlobalCoorToRankIndex(rank,o_idx,i_idx,gsite);
grid->GlobalCoorToGlobalIndex(gsite,g_idx);
////////////////////////////////
// iorank writes from the seek
////////////////////////////////
if (myrank == iorank) {
if ( rank != myrank ) {
grid->RecvFrom((void *)&siteObj,rank,sizeof(siteObj));
} else {
peekLocalSite(siteObj,Umu,lsite);
}
munge(siteObj,fileObj,csum);
if(ieee32big) htobe32_v((void *)&fileObj,sizeof(fileObj));
if(ieee32) htole32_v((void *)&fileObj,sizeof(fileObj));
if(ieee64big) htobe64_v((void *)&fileObj,sizeof(fileObj));
if(ieee64) htole64_v((void *)&fileObj,sizeof(fileObj));
fout.seekp(offset+g_idx*sizeof(fileObj));
fout.write((char *)&fileObj,sizeof(fileObj));
} else {
if ( myrank == rank ) {
peekLocalSite(siteObj,Umu,lsite);
grid->SendTo((void *)&siteObj,iorank,sizeof(siteObj));
}
}
grid->Barrier(); // necessary// or every 16 packets to rate throttle??
}
grid->GlobalSum(csum);
return csum;
}
};
}
#endif

648
lib/parallelIO/NerscIO.h
View File

@@ -7,57 +7,23 @@
#include <fstream>
#include <map>
#ifdef HAVE_ENDIAN_H
#include <endian.h>
#endif
#include <arpa/inet.h>
// 64bit endian swap is a portability pain
#ifndef __has_builtin // Optional of course.
#define __has_builtin(x) 0 // Compatibility with non-clang compilers.
#endif
#if HAVE_DECL_BE64TOH
#undef Grid_ntohll
#define Grid_ntohll be64toh
#endif
#if HAVE_DECL_NTOHLL
#undef Grid_ntohll
#define Grid_ntohll ntohll
#endif
#ifndef Grid_ntohll
#if BYTE_ORDER == BIG_ENDIAN
#define Grid_ntohll(A) (A)
#else
#if __has_builtin(__builtin_bswap64)
#define Grid_ntohll(A) __builtin_bswap64(A)
#else
#error
#endif
#endif
#endif
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/utsname.h>
#include <pwd.h>
namespace Grid {
namespace QCD {
using namespace QCD;
using namespace Grid;
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Some data types for intermediate storage
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
template<typename vtype> using iLorentzColour2x3 = iVector<iVector<iVector<vtype, Nc>, 2>, 4 >;
typedef iLorentzColour2x3<Complex> LorentzColour2x3;
typedef iLorentzColour2x3<ComplexF> LorentzColour2x3F;
typedef iLorentzColour2x3<ComplexD> LorentzColour2x3D;
typedef iLorentzColour2x3<Complex> LorentzColour2x3;
typedef iLorentzColour2x3<ComplexF> LorentzColour2x3F;
typedef iLorentzColour2x3<ComplexD> LorentzColour2x3D;
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// header specification/interpretation
@@ -86,50 +52,173 @@ class NerscField {
};
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Bit and Physical Checksumming and QA of data
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
inline void NerscGrid(GridBase *grid,NerscField &header)
{
assert(grid->_ndimension==4);
for(int d=0;d<4;d++) {
header.dimension[d] = grid->_fdimensions[d];
}
for(int d=0;d<4;d++) {
header.boundary[d] = std::string("PERIODIC");
}
}
template<class GaugeMatrix,class GaugeField>
inline void NerscStatistics(GaugeField & data,NerscField &header)
{
header.link_trace=Grid::QCD::WilsonLoops<GaugeMatrix,GaugeField>::linkTrace(data);
header.plaquette =Grid::QCD::WilsonLoops<GaugeMatrix,GaugeField>::avgPlaquette(data);
}
inline void NerscMachineCharacteristics(NerscField &header)
{
// Who
struct passwd *pw = getpwuid (getuid());
if (pw) header.creator = std::string(pw->pw_name);
// When
std::time_t t = std::time(nullptr);
std::tm tm = *std::localtime(&t);
std::ostringstream oss;
oss << std::put_time(&tm, "%c %Z");
header.creation_date = oss.str();
header.archive_date = header.creation_date;
// What
struct utsname name; uname(&name);
header.creator_hardware = std::string(name.nodename)+"-";
header.creator_hardware+= std::string(name.machine)+"-";
header.creator_hardware+= std::string(name.sysname)+"-";
header.creator_hardware+= std::string(name.release);
}
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Utilities ; these are QCD aware
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
inline void NerscChecksum(uint32_t *buf,uint32_t buf_size_bytes,uint32_t &csum)
{
BinaryIO::Uint32Checksum(buf,buf_size_bytes,csum);
}
inline void reconstruct3(LorentzColourMatrix & cm)
{
const int x=0;
const int y=1;
const int z=2;
for(int mu=0;mu<4;mu++){
cm(mu)()(2,x) = adj(cm(mu)()(0,y)*cm(mu)()(1,z)-cm(mu)()(0,z)*cm(mu)()(1,y)); //x= yz-zy
cm(mu)()(2,y) = adj(cm(mu)()(0,z)*cm(mu)()(1,x)-cm(mu)()(0,x)*cm(mu)()(1,z)); //y= zx-xz
cm(mu)()(2,z) = adj(cm(mu)()(0,x)*cm(mu)()(1,y)-cm(mu)()(0,y)*cm(mu)()(1,x)); //z= xy-yx
}
}
template<class fobj,class sobj>
struct NerscSimpleMunger{
void operator() (fobj &in,sobj &out,uint32_t &csum){
for(int mu=0;mu<4;mu++){
for(int i=0;i<3;i++){
for(int j=0;j<3;j++){
out(mu)()(i,j) = in(mu)()(i,j);
}}}
NerscChecksum((uint32_t *)&in,sizeof(in),csum);
};
};
template<class fobj,class sobj>
struct NerscSimpleUnmunger{
void operator() (sobj &in,fobj &out,uint32_t &csum){
for(int mu=0;mu<Nd;mu++){
for(int i=0;i<Nc;i++){
for(int j=0;j<Nc;j++){
out(mu)()(i,j) = in(mu)()(i,j);
}}}
NerscChecksum((uint32_t *)&out,sizeof(out),csum);
};
};
template<class fobj,class sobj>
struct Nersc3x2munger{
void operator() (fobj &in,sobj &out,uint32_t &csum){
NerscChecksum((uint32_t *)&in,sizeof(in),csum);
for(int mu=0;mu<4;mu++){
for(int i=0;i<2;i++){
for(int j=0;j<3;j++){
out(mu)()(i,j) = in(mu)(i)(j);
}}
}
reconstruct3(out);
}
};
template<class fobj,class sobj>
struct Nersc3x2unmunger{
void operator() (sobj &in,fobj &out,uint32_t &csum){
for(int mu=0;mu<4;mu++){
for(int i=0;i<2;i++){
for(int j=0;j<3;j++){
out(mu)(i)(j) = in(mu)()(i,j);
}}
}
NerscChecksum((uint32_t *)&out,sizeof(out),csum);
}
};
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Write and read from fstream; comput header offset for payload
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
inline unsigned int writeNerscHeader(NerscField &field,std::string file)
{
std::ofstream fout(file,std::ios::out);
class NerscIO : public BinaryIO {
public:
static inline unsigned int writeHeader(NerscField &field,std::string file)
{
std::ofstream fout(file,std::ios::out);
fout.seekp(0,std::ios::beg);
fout << "BEGIN_HEADER" << std::endl;
fout << "HDR_VERSION = " << field.hdr_version << std::endl;
fout << "DATATYPE = " << field.data_type << std::endl;
fout << "STORAGE_FORMAT = " << field.storage_format << std::endl;
fout.seekp(0,std::ios::beg);
fout << "BEGIN_HEADER" << std::endl;
fout << "HDR_VERSION = " << field.hdr_version << std::endl;
fout << "DATATYPE = " << field.data_type << std::endl;
fout << "STORAGE_FORMAT = " << field.storage_format << std::endl;
for(int i=0;i<4;i++){
fout << "DIMENSION_" << i+1 << " = " << field.dimension[i] << std::endl ;
}
// just to keep the space and write it later
fout << "LINK_TRACE = " << std::setprecision(10) << field.link_trace << std::endl;
fout << "PLAQUETTE = " << std::setprecision(10) << field.plaquette << std::endl;
for(int i=0;i<4;i++){
fout << "BOUNDARY_"<<i+1<<" = " << field.boundary[i] << std::endl;
}
fout << "CHECKSUM = "<< std::hex << std::setw(16) << 0 << field.checksum << std::endl;
for(int i=0;i<4;i++){
fout << "DIMENSION_" << i+1 << " = " << field.dimension[i] << std::endl ;
}
// just to keep the space and write it later
fout << "LINK_TRACE = " << std::setprecision(10) << field.link_trace << std::endl;
fout << "PLAQUETTE = " << std::setprecision(10) << field.plaquette << std::endl;
for(int i=0;i<4;i++){
fout << "BOUNDARY_"<<i+1<<" = " << field.boundary[i] << std::endl;
}
fout << "ENSEMBLE_ID = " << field.ensemble_id << std::endl;
fout << "ENSEMBLE_LABEL = " << field.ensemble_label << std::endl;
fout << "SEQUENCE_NUMBER = " << field.sequence_number << std::endl;
fout << "CREATOR = " << field.creator << std::endl;
fout << "CREATOR_HARDWARE = "<< field.creator_hardware << std::endl;
fout << "CREATION_DATE = " << field.creation_date << std::endl;
fout << "ARCHIVE_DATE = " << field.archive_date << std::endl;
fout << "FLOATING_POINT = " << field.floating_point << std::endl;
fout << "END_HEADER" << std::endl;
field.data_start = fout.tellp();
return field.data_start;
fout << "CHECKSUM = "<< std::hex << std::setw(10) << field.checksum << std::endl;
fout << std::dec;
fout << "ENSEMBLE_ID = " << field.ensemble_id << std::endl;
fout << "ENSEMBLE_LABEL = " << field.ensemble_label << std::endl;
fout << "SEQUENCE_NUMBER = " << field.sequence_number << std::endl;
fout << "CREATOR = " << field.creator << std::endl;
fout << "CREATOR_HARDWARE = "<< field.creator_hardware << std::endl;
fout << "CREATION_DATE = " << field.creation_date << std::endl;
fout << "ARCHIVE_DATE = " << field.archive_date << std::endl;
fout << "FLOATING_POINT = " << field.floating_point << std::endl;
fout << "END_HEADER" << std::endl;
field.data_start = fout.tellp();
return field.data_start;
}
// A little helper
inline void removeWhitespace(std::string &key)
{
key.erase(std::remove_if(key.begin(), key.end(), ::isspace),key.end());
}
// for the header-reader
inline int readNerscHeader(std::string file,GridBase *grid, NerscField &field)
static inline int readHeader(std::string file,GridBase *grid, NerscField &field)
{
int offset=0;
std::map<std::string,std::string> header;
@@ -163,7 +252,6 @@ inline int readNerscHeader(std::string file,GridBase *grid, NerscField &field)
//////////////////////////////////////////////////
// chomp the values
//////////////////////////////////////////////////
field.hdr_version = header["HDR_VERSION"];
field.data_type = header["DATATYPE"];
field.storage_format = header["STORAGE_FORMAT"];
@@ -200,314 +288,22 @@ inline int readNerscHeader(std::string file,GridBase *grid, NerscField &field)
}
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Utilities
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
inline void reconstruct3(LorentzColourMatrix & cm)
{
const int x=0;
const int y=1;
const int z=2;
for(int mu=0;mu<4;mu++){
cm(mu)()(2,x) = adj(cm(mu)()(0,y)*cm(mu)()(1,z)-cm(mu)()(0,z)*cm(mu)()(1,y)); //x= yz-zy
cm(mu)()(2,y) = adj(cm(mu)()(0,z)*cm(mu)()(1,x)-cm(mu)()(0,x)*cm(mu)()(1,z)); //y= zx-xz
cm(mu)()(2,z) = adj(cm(mu)()(0,x)*cm(mu)()(1,y)-cm(mu)()(0,y)*cm(mu)()(1,x)); //z= xy-yx
}
}
void inline be32toh_v(void *file_object,uint32_t bytes)
{
uint32_t * f = (uint32_t *)file_object;
for(int i=0;i*sizeof(uint32_t)<bytes;i++){
f[i] = ntohl(f[i]);
}
}
void inline le32toh_v(void *file_object,uint32_t bytes)
{
uint32_t *fp = (uint32_t *)file_object;
uint32_t f;
for(int i=0;i*sizeof(uint32_t)<bytes;i++){
f = fp[i];
// got network order and the network to host
f = ((f&0xFF)<<24) | ((f&0xFF00)<<8) | ((f&0xFF0000)>>8) | ((f&0xFF000000UL)>>24) ;
fp[i] = ntohl(f);
}
}
void inline be64toh_v(void *file_object,uint32_t bytes)
{
uint64_t * f = (uint64_t *)file_object;
for(int i=0;i*sizeof(uint64_t)<bytes;i++){
f[i] = Grid_ntohll(f[i]);
}
}
void inline le64toh_v(void *file_object,uint32_t bytes)
{
uint64_t *fp = (uint64_t *)file_object;
uint64_t f,g;
for(int i=0;i*sizeof(uint64_t)<bytes;i++){
f = fp[i];
// got network order and the network to host
g = ((f&0xFF)<<24) | ((f&0xFF00)<<8) | ((f&0xFF0000)>>8) | ((f&0xFF000000UL)>>24) ;
g = g << 32;
f = f >> 32;
g|= ((f&0xFF)<<24) | ((f&0xFF00)<<8) | ((f&0xFF0000)>>8) | ((f&0xFF000000UL)>>24) ;
fp[i] = ntohl(g);
}
}
inline void NerscChecksum(uint32_t *buf,uint32_t buf_size,uint32_t &csum)
{
for(int i=0;i*sizeof(uint32_t)<buf_size;i++){
csum=csum+buf[i];
}
}
template<class fobj,class sobj>
struct NerscSimpleMunger{
void operator() (fobj &in,sobj &out,uint32_t &csum){
for(int mu=0;mu<4;mu++){
for(int i=0;i<3;i++){
for(int j=0;j<3;j++){
out(mu)()(i,j) = in(mu)()(i,j);
}}}
NerscChecksum((uint32_t *)&in,sizeof(in),csum);
};
};
template<class fobj,class sobj>
struct NerscSimpleUnmunger{
void operator() (sobj &in,fobj &out,uint32_t &csum){
for(int mu=0;mu<4;mu++){
for(int i=0;i<3;i++){
for(int j=0;j<3;j++){
out(mu)()(i,j) = in(mu)()(i,j);
}}}
NerscChecksum((uint32_t *)&out,sizeof(out),csum);
};
};
template<class fobj,class sobj>
struct Nersc3x2munger{
void operator() (fobj &in,sobj &out,uint32_t &csum){
NerscChecksum((uint32_t *)&in,sizeof(in),csum);
for(int mu=0;mu<4;mu++){
for(int i=0;i<2;i++){
for(int j=0;j<3;j++){
out(mu)()(i,j) = in(mu)(i)(j);
}}
}
reconstruct3(out);
}
};
template<class fobj,class sobj>
struct Nersc3x2unmunger{
void operator() (sobj &in,fobj &out,uint32_t &csum){
NerscChecksum((uint32_t *)&out,sizeof(out),csum);
for(int mu=0;mu<4;mu++){
for(int i=0;i<2;i++){
for(int j=0;j<3;j++){
out(mu)(i)(j) = in(mu)()(i,j);
}}
}
}
};
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Template wizardry to map types to strings for NERSC in an extensible way
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
template<class vobj> struct NerscDataType {
static void DataType (std::string &str) { str = std::string("4D_BINARY_UNKNOWN"); };
static void FloatingPoint(std::string &str) { str = std::string("IEEE64BIG"); };
};
template<> struct NerscDataType<iColourMatrix<ComplexD> > {
static void DataType (std::string &str) { str = std::string("4D_SU3_GAUGE_3X3"); };
static void FloatingPoint(std::string &str) { str = std::string("IEEE64BIG");};
};
template<> struct NerscDataType<iColourMatrix<ComplexF> > {
static void DataType (std::string &str) { str = std::string("4D_SU3_GAUGE_3X3"); };
static void FloatingPoint(std::string &str) { str = std::string("IEEE32BIG");};
};
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Bit and Physical Checksumming and QA of data
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/*
template<class vobj> inline uint32_t NerscChecksum(Lattice<vobj> & data)
{
uint32_t sum;
for(int ss=0;ss<data._grid->Osites();ss++){
uint32_t *iptr = (uint32_t *)& data._odata[0] ;
for(int i=0;i<sizeof(vobj);i+=sizeof(uint32_t)){
sum=sum+iptr[i];
}
}
data._grid->globalSum(sum);
return sum;
}
*/
template<class vobj> inline void NerscPhysicalCharacteristics(Lattice<vobj> & data,NerscField &header)
{
header.data_type = NerscDataType<vobj>::DataType;
header.floating_point = NerscDataType<vobj>::FloatingPoint;
return;
}
template<> inline void NerscPhysicalCharacteristics(LatticeGaugeField & data,NerscField &header)
{
NerscDataType<decltype(data._odata[0])>::DataType(header.data_type);
NerscDataType<decltype(data._odata[0])>::FloatingPoint(header.floating_point);
header.link_trace=1.0;
header.plaquette =1.0;
}
template<class vobj> inline void NerscStatisics(Lattice<vobj> & data,NerscField &header)
{
assert(data._grid->_ndimension==4);
for(int d=0;d<4;d++)
header.dimension[d] = data._grid->_fdimensions[d];
// compute checksum and any physical properties contained for this type
// header.checksum = NerscChecksum(data);
NerscPhysicalCharacteristics(data,header);
}
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Now the meat: the object readers
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
template<class vobj,class sobj,class fobj,class munger>
inline void readNerscObject(Lattice<vobj> &Umu,std::string file,munger munge,int offset,std::string &format)
template<class vsimd>
static inline void readConfiguration(Lattice<iLorentzColourMatrix<vsimd> > &Umu,NerscField& header,std::string file)
{
typedef Lattice<iLorentzColourMatrix<vsimd> > GaugeField;
typedef Lattice<iColourMatrix<vsimd> > GaugeMatrix;
GridBase *grid = Umu._grid;
int offset = readHeader(file,Umu._grid,header);
int ieee32big = (format == std::string("IEEE32BIG"));
int ieee32 = (format == std::string("IEEE32"));
int ieee64big = (format == std::string("IEEE64BIG"));
int ieee64 = (format == std::string("IEEE64"));
// Find the location of each site and send to primary node
// for(int site=0; site < Layout::vol(); ++site){
// multi1d<int> coord = crtesn(site, Layout::lattSize());
// for(int dd=0; dd<Nd; dd++){ /* dir */
// cfg_in.readArray(su3_buffer, float_size, mat_size);
//
// Above from Chroma; defines loop order now that NERSC doc no longer
// available (how short sighted is that?)
{
std::ifstream fin(file,std::ios::binary|std::ios::in);
fin.seekg(offset);
Umu = zero;
uint32_t csum=0;
fobj file_object;
sobj munged;
for(int t=0;t<grid->_fdimensions[3];t++){
for(int z=0;z<grid->_fdimensions[2];z++){
for(int y=0;y<grid->_fdimensions[1];y++){
for(int x=0;x<grid->_fdimensions[0];x++){
std::vector<int> site({x,y,z,t});
if ( grid->IsBoss() ) {
fin.read((char *)&file_object,sizeof(file_object));
if(ieee32big) be32toh_v((void *)&file_object,sizeof(file_object));
if(ieee32) le32toh_v((void *)&file_object,sizeof(file_object));
if(ieee64big) be64toh_v((void *)&file_object,sizeof(file_object));
if(ieee64) le64toh_v((void *)&file_object,sizeof(file_object));
munge(file_object,munged,csum);
}
// The boss who read the file has their value poked
pokeSite(munged,Umu,site);
}}}}
}
}
template<class vobj,class sobj,class fobj,class munger>
inline void writeNerscObject(Lattice<vobj> &Umu,std::string file,munger munge,int offset,
int sequence,double lt,double pl)
{
GridBase *grid = Umu._grid;
NerscField header;
//////////////////////////////////////////////////
// First write the header; this is in wrong place
//////////////////////////////////////////////////
assert(grid->_ndimension == 4);
for(int d=0;d<4;d++){
header.dimension[d]=grid->_fdimensions[d];
header.boundary [d]=std::string("PERIODIC");;
}
header.hdr_version=std::string("WHATDAHECK");
// header.storage_format=storage_format<vobj>::string; // use template specialisation
// header.data_type=data_type<vobj>::string;
header.storage_format=std::string("debug");
header.data_type =std::string("debug");
//FIXME; use template specialisation to fill these out
header.link_trace =lt;
header.plaquette =pl;
header.checksum =0;
//
header.sequence_number =sequence;
header.ensemble_id =std::string("UKQCD");
header.ensemble_label =std::string("UKQCD");
header.creator =std::string("Tadahito");
header.creator_hardware=std::string("BlueGene/Q");
header.creation_date =std::string("AnnoDomini");
header.archive_date =std::string("AnnoDomini");
header.floating_point =std::string("IEEE64BIG");
// header.data_start=;
// unsigned int checksum;
//////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Now write the body
//////////////////////////////////////////////////
{
std::ofstream fout(file,std::ios::binary|std::ios::out);
fout.seekp(offset);
Umu = zero;
uint32_t csum=0;
fobj file_object;
sobj unmunged;
for(int t=0;t<grid->_fdimensions[3];t++){
for(int z=0;z<grid->_fdimensions[2];z++){
for(int y=0;y<grid->_fdimensions[1];y++){
for(int x=0;x<grid->_fdimensions[0];x++){
std::vector<int> site({x,y,z,t});
peekSite(unmunged,Umu,site);
munge(unmunged,file_object,csum);
// broadcast & insert
fout.write((char *)&file_object,sizeof(file_object));
}}}}
}
}
inline void readNerscConfiguration(LatticeGaugeField &Umu,NerscField& header,std::string file)
{
GridBase *grid = Umu._grid;
int offset = readNerscHeader(file,Umu._grid,header);
NerscField clone(header);
std::string format(header.floating_point);
@@ -516,48 +312,106 @@ inline void readNerscConfiguration(LatticeGaugeField &Umu,NerscField& header,std
int ieee64big = (format == std::string("IEEE64BIG"));
int ieee64 = (format == std::string("IEEE64"));
uint32_t csum;
// depending on datatype, set up munger;
// munger is a function of <floating point, Real, data_type>
if ( header.data_type == std::string("4D_SU3_GAUGE") ) {
if ( ieee32 || ieee32big ) {
readNerscObject<vLorentzColourMatrix, LorentzColourMatrix, LorentzColour2x3F>
(Umu,file,
Nersc3x2munger<LorentzColour2x3F,LorentzColourMatrix>(),
offset,format);
// csum=BinaryIO::readObjectSerial<iLorentzColourMatrix<vsimd>, LorentzColour2x3F>
csum=BinaryIO::readObjectParallel<iLorentzColourMatrix<vsimd>, LorentzColour2x3F>
(Umu,file,Nersc3x2munger<LorentzColour2x3F,LorentzColourMatrix>(), offset,format);
}
if ( ieee64 || ieee64big ) {
readNerscObject<vLorentzColourMatrix, LorentzColourMatrix, LorentzColour2x3D>
(Umu,file,
Nersc3x2munger<LorentzColour2x3D,LorentzColourMatrix>(),
offset,format);
// csum=BinaryIO::readObjectSerial<iLorentzColourMatrix<vsimd>, LorentzColour2x3D>
csum=BinaryIO::readObjectParallel<iLorentzColourMatrix<vsimd>, LorentzColour2x3D>
(Umu,file,Nersc3x2munger<LorentzColour2x3D,LorentzColourMatrix>(),offset,format);
}
} else if ( header.data_type == std::string("4D_SU3_GAUGE_3X3") ) {
if ( ieee32 || ieee32big ) {
readNerscObject<vLorentzColourMatrix,LorentzColourMatrix,LorentzColourMatrixF>
// csum=BinaryIO::readObjectSerial<iLorentzColourMatrix<vsimd>,LorentzColourMatrixF>
csum=BinaryIO::readObjectParallel<iLorentzColourMatrix<vsimd>,LorentzColourMatrixF>
(Umu,file,NerscSimpleMunger<LorentzColourMatrixF,LorentzColourMatrix>(),offset,format);
}
if ( ieee64 || ieee64big ) {
readNerscObject<vLorentzColourMatrix,LorentzColourMatrix,LorentzColourMatrixD>
// csum=BinaryIO::readObjectSerial<iLorentzColourMatrix<vsimd>,LorentzColourMatrixD>
csum=BinaryIO::readObjectParallel<iLorentzColourMatrix<vsimd>,LorentzColourMatrixD>
(Umu,file,NerscSimpleMunger<LorentzColourMatrixD,LorentzColourMatrix>(),offset,format);
}
} else {
assert(0);
}
NerscStatistics<GaugeMatrix,GaugeField>(Umu,clone);
assert(fabs(clone.plaquette -header.plaquette ) < 1.0e-5 );
assert(fabs(clone.link_trace-header.link_trace) < 1.0e-6 );
assert(csum == header.checksum );
std::cout<<GridLogMessage <<"Read NERSC Configuration "<<file<< " and plaquette, link trace, and checksum agree"<<std::endl;
}
template<class vobj>
inline void writeNerscConfiguration(Lattice<vobj> &Umu,NerscField &header,std::string file)
template<class vsimd>
static inline void writeConfiguration(Lattice<iLorentzColourMatrix<vsimd> > &Umu,std::string file, int two_row,int bits32)
{
GridBase &grid = Umu._grid;
typedef Lattice<iLorentzColourMatrix<vsimd> > GaugeField;
typedef Lattice<iColourMatrix<vsimd> > GaugeMatrix;
typedef iLorentzColourMatrix<vsimd> vobj;
typedef typename vobj::scalar_object sobj;
// Following should become arguments
NerscField header;
header.sequence_number = 1;
header.ensemble_id = "UKQCD";
header.ensemble_label = "DWF";
typedef LorentzColourMatrixD fobj3D;
typedef LorentzColour2x3D fobj2D;
typedef LorentzColourMatrixF fobj3f;
typedef LorentzColour2x3F fobj2f;
GridBase *grid = Umu._grid;
NerscGrid(grid,header);
NerscStatistics<GaugeMatrix,GaugeField>(Umu,header);
NerscMachineCharacteristics(header);
uint32_t csum;
int offset;
NerscStatisics(Umu,header);
if ( two_row ) {
int offset = writeNerscHeader(header,file);
header.floating_point = std::string("IEEE64BIG");
header.data_type = std::string("4D_SU3_GAUGE");
Nersc3x2unmunger<fobj2D,sobj> munge;
BinaryIO::Uint32Checksum<vobj,fobj2D>(Umu, munge,header.checksum);
offset = writeHeader(header,file);
csum=BinaryIO::writeObjectSerial<vobj,fobj2D>(Umu,file,munge,offset,header.floating_point);
writeNerscObject(Umu,NerscSimpleMunger<vobj,vobj>(),offset);
}
std::string file1 = file+"para";
int offset1 = writeHeader(header,file1);
int csum1=BinaryIO::writeObjectParallel<vobj,fobj2D>(Umu,file1,munge,offset,header.floating_point);
std::cout << GridLogMessage << " TESTING PARALLEL WRITE offsets " << offset1 << " "<< offset << std::endl;
std::cout << GridLogMessage <<std::hex<< " TESTING PARALLEL WRITE csums " << csum1 << " "<< csum << std::endl;
std::cout << std::dec;
}
assert(offset1==offset);
assert(csum1==csum);
} else {
header.floating_point = std::string("IEEE64BIG");
header.data_type = std::string("4D_SU3_GAUGE_3X3");
NerscSimpleUnmunger<fobj3D,sobj> munge;
BinaryIO::Uint32Checksum<vobj,fobj3D>(Umu, munge,header.checksum);
offset = writeHeader(header,file);
csum=BinaryIO::writeObjectSerial<vobj,fobj3D>(Umu,file,munge,offset,header.floating_point);
}
std::cout<<GridLogMessage <<"Written NERSC Configuration "<<file<< " checksum "<<std::hex<<csum<< std::dec<<" plaq "<< header.plaquette <<std::endl;
}
};
}}
#endif

16
lib/qcd/utils/WilsonLoops.h
View File

@@ -68,6 +68,22 @@ public:
return sumplaq/vol/faces/Nc; // Nd , Nc dependent... FIXME
}
static RealD linkTrace(const GaugeLorentz &Umu){
std::vector<GaugeMat> U(4,Umu._grid);
LatticeComplex Tr(Umu._grid); Tr=zero;
for(int mu=0;mu<Nd;mu++){
U[mu] = PeekIndex<LorentzIndex>(Umu,mu);
Tr = Tr+trace(U[mu]);
}
TComplex Tp = sum(Tr);
Complex p = TensorRemove(Tp);
double vol = Umu._grid->gSites();
return p.real()/vol/4.0/3.0;
};
//////////////////////////////////////////////////
// the sum over all staples on each site
//////////////////////////////////////////////////